RIP, MBA
The economic crisis has exposed the myth of business-school expertise.
Put your ear to the ground near any business school campus, and you will hear the sound of another bubble about to pop. The MBA will soon be joining equities and house titles in the museum of formerly overvalued pieces of paper.
The problem in the short term begins, like so many other fine things these days, in the financial sector. Over the past two decades, about one-third of graduates from top business schools took jobs in finance. But banking will never be what it once was (we can only hope), and consulting—the other major consumer of MBAs—is reeling, too. Couple declining demand with the fact that at the onset of a recession, the supply of students actually rises as the prospectively unemployed look for ways to fill in gaps in their CVs, and "shorting" the MBA looks like a compelling near-term trading strategy.
The really grim news for the MBA, however, is about more than short-term trends. Isn't it just a little suspicious, after all, that the sector that showed the greatest appetite for MBAs was the most grotesquely mismanaged? In fact, the economic crisis has exposed long-standing flaws not just in the modern approach to business education but in the very idea of business education.
The truth is that the relevance of the technical training allegedly offered by the MBA was always overblown. The idea that there is some body of knowledge pertaining to business management that can be packaged up and distributed to the business universe in two-year course-lets—well, it sounded good about a century ago, when it was first conceived. Maybe it still had merit when the schools were turning out only a few thousand graduates per year. But it certainly stopped making sense well before the schools achieved their current level of production of a whopping 140,000 or so graduates per year. The empirical evidence on the contribution of the MBA to individual career performance seems to bear this out—mainly because it doesn't exist. In fact, if the relevance of an M.D. to the performance of doctors were even half as unsubstantiated, we'd probably be fantasizing about tossing a few physicians in jail, too.
The other truth helpfully revealed in the throes of the crisis is that ethics and integrity and social responsibility aren't just optional extras for good business management—unless by "management," you mean "looting." Managers don't need to be trained; they need to be educated—in the sense of "civilized." Unfortunately, a business degree isn't just irrelevant to that purpose; it's positively detrimental.
Now, to be fair, people don't behave like jerks just because they spend two years in business school. After all, as many of my business school friends have pointed out, most of the first year goes into heavy partying, and the second year is really a marathon job fair. No, for the most part, people behave like jerks because nobody stops them from doing so. The charmers at AIG walked away with multimillion-dollar second homes as a reward for exposing their institution and the entire financial system to outrageous risks because it was (so far as we know) a perfectly legal way to make money. The whizzes at Goldman Sachs hedged their supersize profits with underpriced, implicitly publicly backed insurance from AIG for the same reason.
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One glaring inconsistency
The one inconsistency about business students is their propensity to get undergrad business degrees, then go straight to an MBA, which gave them enough education to "master" a business without ever having worked in one, or at least, not full time.
vindication for me
I am vindicated! When I was in college, I held a low opinion of my fellow students who were in the MBA program. My college turned them out by the hundreds, but none of them, or at least very few of them, appeared to have the brains God gave a goose. I thought I must be wrong. It was impossible, I thought at the time, for an entire academic discipline to be made up of self-centered, shallow, greedy persons seeking an easy degree because they lacked the intellectual capacity to pursue something more rigorous, such as Administration of Justice. I was an undergraduate at the time, so I naturally regarded MBA students as “superior” to me because they were in post-baccalaureate status. That changed when I sat through a class called “Business Ethics,” which they were all required to take. None of them, without a single exception, could relate one abstract concept to another. Perhaps they had no love for ethics in the first place, but not a person among them could make a coherent analysis or argument. Because the class involved more than memorization and regurgitation, they were all at sea. I helped a number of them through the class, those who had the courtesy to avoid displaying open contempt for a non-business student, and they seemed to be catching on toward the end. That made me realize something significant. These were not stupid people. They weren’t born dim. Business school made them stupid! Somehow, perhaps in the process of cramming all that manure into their brains, the ability to think and reason had been pushed out. They were capable of thinking, but none of their business professors had any interest in that. A couple students related some of the horror stories of struggling through a BA in business and then going on to pursue an MBA. Here is a sample. They had one professor who demanded they come to class in what he deemed “business attire.” The first day of class, this esteemed academician reviewed each of his students, critiqued their slovenly appearance, and told them men must wear suits to his class and women must wear skirts or dresses. This went on for years, with the college defending its professor on the grounds of “academic freedom.” “But wait!” as they say in the TV info-mercial ads, “There’s more!” This man’s lectures consisted of leafing through the textbook, which he had written and demanded his students purchase, and asking if there were any questions. “Page 44, any questions?” “Page 45, any questions?” If someone were naïve enough to ask a question, the professor would then read the part of that page he felt answered the question. That was it. That was the entire pedagogic methodology of the man who made everybody wear business suits to his class. This went on for years, until one day the professor began criticizing the attire of a gentleman in his class who happened to be CEO of a successful tech company. After witnessing the professor ridiculing other students, and upon being informed his khakis and oxford shirt were unsuitable attire, this student responded in a manner someone else should have done long before. He told the professor, and I’m paraphrasing here, “I actually run a business, a fairly successful business, and the taxes I pay would just about fund your entire department. The generous donation I give to this university every year would certainly pay your salary. I’m here not just because I want a master’s degree, but also because I expect you to offer me some useful knowledge and instruction of the sort a reasonable person would expect at a university. If you prefer to spend your time pretending this is the third grade, where you tell the boys and girls how to dress, that’s fine. If you think that applies to me, however, any or all of the four attorneys who work for me will see a judge and produce a court order convincing you otherwise. I’m paying for a service here, namely academic instruction, and if you don’t deliver there’s going to be a pissing contest. You won’t like the outcome.” Believe it or not, the professor would not relent, thinking his PhD and tenure status would shield him from the consequences of his incompetence and arrogance. He was forced to retire before the academic term ended. I guess this kind of torture and brainwashing explain some of the defensive comments from people who know, deep down in their hearts, they’ve been cheated. They pursued a degree they thought would make them rich, and now that bubble has burst. What’s worse, they spent six or seven years in school learning how not to think. “truth” calls you a stinky turd and then continues to insult you in garbled English that reads like a note from a meth addict. I like that part about your useless degree. That’s why he is reading your article. Fortunately, Mr. “truth” is not the sole spokesperson for MBAs everywhere. Joe 3523 titles his post “poorly reasoned nonsense,” but redeems himself by making a cogent comment. “Economists and policy analysts collaborated to create a regulatory environment that allowed absurdly esoteric financial instruments to occupy an increasingly vital role in the overall world economy.” Joe commits the sin of which he accuses you, namely blaming a particular group of people for all the problems. Still, he has an excellent point, as long as we keep in mind the “policy analysts” of whom he speaks are nothing more than a cabal of reckless free-market ideologues who work at various supply-side think tanks around the country. They did not conceive of a particular set of regulations that landed us in this mess, but quite the opposite. They assiduously avoided regulations, and took the trouble to eliminate or relax dozens of them. The banks remained regulated, although perhaps inadequately so, while the “alternative instruments” went about their business with not even a sideways glance from the regulators. The real point of all this lies in the string of posts from bruuklin, Texas83, mr3rd, swabygw, etc. An education is what you make of it. Unfortunately, the MBA “thing” promises the education will make you a different person, a “master” of business, someone who can stride across the planet and make money and Run Things, by God! As some of the MBA posters themselves inform us, such a thing is not possible. “The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars, but in ourselves, that we are underlings.” Sorry if I got that wrong, but I have not read Shakespeare in many years. As several of the comments point out, we are subservient to “the system” and it was not devised by MBAs. The system hired them as fast as colleges could produce them because many, many people were required to build and maintain all the “alternative instruments” that gobbled up our money and made it vanish into thin air. The system is a creation of people who want to make money, and it includes people of all sizes and shapes, MBAs as well as others. With the collapse of the system that employed all those MBAs, it is tempting to believe the MBA will become a cursed degree, but I doubt it. Look, the same thing happened to “software engineer” or whatever it’s called. Colleges turned them out by the truckload for several years. Some of them were good at math and little else. “Couldn’t think his way out of a paper bag.” Back in the day, they all got good jobs and made bundles of money. Now many of them are flipping burgers or parking cars. The whole thing got too big to sustain itself and everybody could see it had to burst sometime, but nobody knew how to respond ahead of time. People kept right on getting various IT engineering degrees, hoping reality would never come down on them. The MBA will shake out the same way. Far fewer people will pursue biz degrees in the next few years, because the system can’t absorb them all the way it did for a while. An MBA will be like a degree in Library Science, at least for a few years. I think that’s a good thing, because the discipline will be forced to concentrate on quality over quantity. Colleges will have to produce graduates who know how to think because there will be no jobs for those who can’t. Some colleges will have to drop their MBAs altogether. Maybe some of the rotten professors will even get dumped in the process.
MBA should not be a degree at all
A MBA course should not be offered as a degree. It should at the best be a training course for established managers and leaders in a given industry. A candidate for such a training should be one who has been working in the industry for 8 - 10 years and who has an in depth knowledge of the issues and challenges facing his/her line of work. The course should be there to help hard working and smart people to become good managers. Only then it will be seen as a stepping stone in one's career. Right now, it's not like that. Since it's offered as a degree, we have college kids fresh out of a under grad school going for an MBA because they could not get a decent job. Once they finish grad school MBA, they are hired as managers without very little hands on work experience. Even worse they are hired out as consultants who take decisions based on a company's financial data rather than looking at market and economic realities. The fact that decisions made in an industry is more influenced by an MBA sitting in Wall St rather than a hands on manager who knows the industry well it a testament to this rot in the system.
Stinky
My, my, my, what a stinky turd you are. You honestly believe that MBA students are at fault for the economic problems? Just because our intelligence to make money and leave your tree hugging ass in the woods bothers you doesn’t make us bad people. What’s next? Are you going to say the biochemists are trying to kill us with drugs that are later proved harmful? How about all cops being bad because a few beat a man senseless? What if I said all journalists were nothing more then propaganda spreading drones that follow the wishes of people above them. Oh, I bet that one struck a nerve. Why don’t you try and write an article that actually has some merit and maybe you can salvage some of your name and whatever useless degree you must have earned.
Poorly Reasoned Nonsense
With all due respect for the opinion that an MBA is not the most rigorous academic degree in the world, it seems bizarre to pin the economic downturn on the MBA degree or to point out that the demand for MBAs will fall in a recessionary economy. MBAs play an important role in the business world, there can be no doubt about that. MBAs who put forth the effort in their respective degree programs learn best practices in a variety of business disciplines and can use that knowledge as a foundation to create new strategies, products and services that can serve the overall good of the economy and society. To blame MBAs for the reign of free-market capitalism makes little sense to me, though. The current state of (de)regulation in markets across the world is undoubtedly due mostly to PHDs from two disciplines, neither of which are play major roles in business academia: Macro Economists and Public Policy Analysts. Economists and policy analysts collaborated to create a regulatory environment that allowed absurdly esoteric financial instruments to occupy an increasingly vital role in the overall world economy. Macro economists at the Fed, among other institutions, pushed the free market philosophy to an extreme, and did not take into account the fact that human nature will almost always distort purely meritocratic arrangements (therefore markets will never be perfectly self-regulating). MBAs, though, can take some blame for creating bloated compensation schemes. But, even then, the investment banking world is full of executives who hold only undergraduate degrees, and in a variety of disciplines at that, who worked their way up starting at 21 years old. So, in my opinion, MBAs may be one of the villainous groups responsible for the financial meltdown, but probably less so than non-MBAs. But, I think that this article's second assertion, that the value of an MBA is permanently damaged, is probably even less accurate. MBAs, like JDs, like PHDs in software engineering, like virtually everyone, are going to struggle to find jobs in the current economy. There just are no jobs for anyone! Once jobs become available, though, I suspect that MBAs will be among the most well-positioned players in the labor market. An MBA provides future managers with a broad base of knowledge and refined interpersonal skills that will always add more value than someone with similar experience but no advanced degree. While your article is certainly provocative, I wish it were also more substantial in its conclusions. Joe
Ah, yes, the annual "The MBA
Ah, yes, the annual "The MBA is dead" story. I wonder if he wrote this himself or just pulled together snippets of the hundreds of other stories just like this one that have been written in the past couple of decades.
Like most of these stories, this one paints the MBA with a massively generalized brush that misses the point of why so many people go back for the degree. I got mine not to go into banking or consulting but to move into a product development job that I wasn't qualified for. I was shifting careers and didn't have the educational background and the MBA was precisely what I needed. Others in my class got it because they needed the credential to move up in their companies. Others got it because they wanted to expand their professional network.
I don't know anyone who went back because they wanted to get magic business powers, and I don't know any MBA who ever peddles that idea. It's an education, and for many who get it it's a really good one. But it doesn't mean you automatically are a great manager, and it doesn't mean you're an economic or financial mastermind, and it doesn't mean you won't turn into an asshole. It's just an education.
And in this economy, where there are more workers than there are jobs, if you're competing for one of those job with 100 out-of-work MBAs, do you want to be the one without the degree?
Biggest crooks/ fools are NOT MBAs
Who came up with collateralizing subprime mortgages (the beginning of all of this crisis)... it wasn't MBAs. Those were developed by "Quants," engineers and Phd's who wanted to play business and thought they were really smarter than everyone else (esp. those "stupid" MBAs). Quants almost screwed over the world economy in 1998 with Long Term Capital Management, it took them 10 years but they have come back to finish the job. Also see below post, (biggest frauds, Bernie Madoff & Ken Lay, were humanities majors and biggest financial fraud victims believed their crap because for the most part they didn't know anything about finance or accounting).
Also a professional certification program for MBAs is not a good idea as it is too broad a field and is redudant, and frankly it doesn't do much for lawyers and doctors (not exactly dens of morality --- have you ever gotten a hospital bill and been charged $20 for a box of tissues??). Certifications for specializations exist, accountants have CPAs and Investment Managers are often required to have CFAs. Just curious, what would such a test cover, should a banker know marketing?
And no one is more forgiving than the business world and the free market in general. If you get charged with a financial crime that will show up on background checks done on you in the future and you will be black balled (go through the interview process at a major bank or investment firm.... I have been drug tested before every job I have had and had a full background check and I am relatively junior level). I know of a guy who had misdeamoner drug possession charges in high school and no investment bank would hire him (showed up on background check). And forget crimes, there is a reason even in good times that most hedge funds that opened up closed within a few years, if you make bad investment decisions people find it very hard to invest with you again (i.e. venture capital funds in 2000). If you are CEO and you don't meet earnings, they show you the door whether your culpable or just a victim of circumstances. There are always exceptions (i.e. NBC gone from 1st to 4th in ratings but mgmt team hasn't changed) but they are exceptions.
Submitted by Texas83 on Thu, 03/26/2009 - 11:14am.
Business Education has its place... humanities not answer
Bernie Madoff-- BA in Political Science & some law school classes (NO MBA)
Ken Lay- BA Economics, PhD Economics (NO MBA)
Two of the poster children for financial fraud one in the 2001 downturn and one in the 2008/2009 downturn and neither one had any educational background in business (MBA or other). Looks like the humanities didn't do a good job there. In both cases the people who avoided losing money (usually other people's money) were people who had solid technical understanding of finance and accounting. The hedge funds that shorted Enron or the mutual funds that got out early or the Masters in Accounting degree holder from the University of Texas who blew the whistle on the energy giant's fraud. With Bernie Madoff it was the unsophisticated investors (celebrity actors, friends of friends, inherited wealth, etc.) who lost the most money, most professional fund of fund shops did their diligence and realized this guy was a fraud and avoided him. I worked for 2 years as an analyst at an investment bank, programs half filled with undergrads from IVY league humanities programs (economics backgrounds if they were lucky). Economics is helpful and involves critical thinking but is entirely a theoretical field. The brief training sessions at the beginning of the program on "reading financial statements" were just abbreviated cliff notes that helped them derive EBITDA from numbers in financial statements. They have no idea how to determine accounting irregularities or fraud much less tell you anything else helpful about a company (i.e. how it can improve its cost structure or its capital structure) and they couldn't use excel worth a damn. This is probably why the largest pocket of undergraduate majors in MBAs programs are people who were humanities undergraduates who are looking for a professional degree. Also, business school is not the place to teach ethics (ethics cannot be taught, if you didn't grow up with or continue to chose not to live by a value system nothing will change that), but it does create a sense of professionalism which can in itself raise standards.
Were there too many people who wanted to be bankers, yes (and a lot of them were humanities majors). Maybe MBA programs should turn out a few more operational oriented or marketing oriented people (esp. with fewer banking jobs around), and they are moving in that direction. Are MBA programs some great academic & intellectual experience, no (they are professional degrees), and much of what one learns is actually on the job not in school. However, the socratic method like case based classes and problem solving oriented framework do provide critical thinking skills, in addition to technical skills. They also impart soft skills on how to get a job and how to network. Humanities programs have their place but if someone wants to work in finance they should get some kind of educational background (undergrad or at least MBA) so they actually know what the hell they are talking about and can avoid the people mentioned at the begining of this post.
RIP, MBA?
This article has two glaring omissions in its scorn of MBA's and the recent fallout of Wall Street.
First, it makes no mention of the human nature to exploit advantageous opportunities recklessly. We as a society on Main Street and Wall Street had bought into the notion of painless, riskless excess that was fueled by nothing but our own greed. MBA's on Wall Street were no different than the guy making $50,000 a year that bought a no-money down, interest-only ARM, $250,000 home, maxed out credit cards, and bought a $30,000 brand new car. It's also no different than the person that goes to a plastic surgeon and opts for liposuction when a change of diet and hard work would probably yield better, healthier and more lasting results. The only notion is that the MBA put these people into positions that allowed them to pursue this level of greed on a larger scale, not that the MBA made them any greater or lesser managers. An individual's will, scruples and intelligence do not necessarily have to correlate.
Secondly, it undermines those individuals who had no exposure to business prior. The article makes no mention of the career-changer. I was an R&D engineer prior to B-school. I didn't even know what a balance sheet was. But I knew long before B-school that it didn't make sense for people to buy cars and homes with no money down. I didn't understand how in a less than three decades, we went from individuals saving to buy homes and cars to people with hardly any verifiable income buying luxury homes and cars with no money down. This was the downfall of our society. MBA's in the proper positions exploited this legally. Again, playing to their human nature to exploit any advantage. The MBA degree in and of itself had very little to do with what our society is sliding into...
Biz School Reformation
Again, speaking as a MBA grad myself (Univ of MD), biz school's need to be reformed. They could (and should) be quite useful and teach relevant and proprietary skills. To do so, though, they need to change their framework. For example, let's compare the MBA, the MD, the JD, and the engineering masters degree:
1) The MD, JD, and engineering degree all require an exam at the end of the classes before one can practice their trade. The MBA does not.
2) Without an MD or JD, an individual is legally excluded from participating in certain practices. Not true with the MBA.
3) The MD and JD teach how to help people by providing a service. The engineering masters teaches how to create products. The MBA teaches neither of these. Neither to a) create a product or b) provide a service. Just how to make money while doing neither of those two things.
4) Having completed a MD, JD or engineering masters, an individual has had practical training in creating a product or providing a service. The MBA internship can, but does not have to, do the same. Personally, I did my internship in the research department at Legg Mason doing, you guessed it, nothing that either created a product or provided a useful service.
5) Having violated any ethical rules, one can be "kicked out" of practicing their JD or MD. In the case of the MBA, they can just go back on Monster.com and do it all over again.
6) The coursework involved in the MD or JD is much more advanced and certainly different than what is learned in undergraduate classes. In the MBA program, I had the same professors and same books for both Marketing and Business Law and Accounting. Why pay to take a class twice? Because that's part of the game.
Those are just some of the quick and easy comparisons. It's easy to see that the MBA has become the lazy persons' way to a high salary quickly. But, then, again, laziness is the REAL mother of invention.
RIP, MBA?
This article has two glaring omissions in its scorn of MBA's and the recent fallout of Wall Street.
First, it makes no mention of the human nature to exploit advantageous opportunities recklessly. We as a society on Main Street and Wall Street had bought into the notion of painless, riskless excess that was fueled by nothing but our own greed. MBA's on Wall Street were no different than the guy making $50,000 a year that bought a no-money down, interest-only ARM, $250,000 home, maxed out credit cards, and bought a $30,000 brand new car. It's also no different than the person that goes to a plastic surgeon and opts for liposuction when a change of diet and hard work would probably yield better, healthier and more lasting results. The only notion is that the MBA degree put these people into positions that allowed them to pursue this level of greed on a larger scale, not that the MBA made them any greater or lesser managers. An individual's will, scruples and intelligence do not necessarily have to correlate.
Secondly, it undermines those individuals who had no exposure to business prior. The article makes no mention of the career-changer. I was an R&D engineer prior to B-school. I didn't even know what a balance sheet was. But I knew long before B-school that it didn't make sense for people to buy cars and homes with no money down. I didn't understand how in less than three decades, we went from individuals saving to buy homes and cars to people with hardly any verifiable income buying luxury homes and cars with no money down. This was the downfall of our society. MBA's in the proper positions exploited this legally. Again, they were playing to their human nature to exploit any advantage. The MBA degree in and of itself had very little to do with what our society has slid into.